Stories/ 子不语/ Lord Qiu Becomes a Water God

Lord Qiu Becomes a Water God

裘文达公为水神

SourceZibuyu (What the Master Would Not Discuss)
AuthorYuan Mei
EraQing dynasty · Qianlong era, c. 1750–1795
Writtenc. 1788
DeitySmall GodsPoetryFate
A rocky promontory jutting into the broad Yangtze under low cloud, a small temple and a wooden spirit tablet beside it, bamboo fortune-sticks and a bronze censer on the altar, a moored boat riding a sudden fair wind
Illustration generated by AI, based on the ancient Chinese text.

Lord Qiu Wenda, when he was about to die, said to his family:

“I am the water god of Swallow Rock, and I am now to take up my post again. After I die, when you carry my coffin to Jiangxi you are bound to pass this rock. There is a temple of Lord Guan there; go and draw a lot. If it is the third lot of the highest grade, then I am water god still. If it is not, perhaps I have been censured and reduced, and cannot resume the post.”

Having said this, he died.

His family heard it and half believed it, but one old servant believed him firmly and said: “My lord was born to the Lady Wang. The lady was of Jiangning by origin, and when she crossed the river she prayed for a son at the water god’s temple at Swallow Rock. That night she dreamed that a man in robe and tablet came to her and said: I give you a son, and a good son along with him. And in a little over a year my lord was born.”

Lord Qiu’s wife, the Lady Xiong, carried the coffin home. When they reached Swallow Rock they did as he had told them and drew a lot in the temple of Lord Guan, and there was indeed the third lot. The whole household wept aloud, and burnt paper money until it covered the river, and set up a wooden spirit tablet beside the temple. Beside it stands a slab bearing a poem by Lord Yin Wenduan.

When I was going to Suzhou I was held up by the wind at this very place, so I bowed to his tablet and wrote on the wall:

Moored along the bank at Swallow Rock, I pass beneath the Huanggong wine-shop. I rub my hand over the old inscription and grieve for these hills and rivers. My short hair is grizzled white as snow; the long river runs off into faint waves. If the river god has any knowledge of me, he ought to send me a good deal of fair wind.

The next day there was a great fair wind indeed.

Original classical Chinese text · 原文

裘文达公临卒语家人曰:「我是燕子矶水神,今将复位。死后,汝等送灵柩江西,必过此矶,有关帝庙,可往求签。如系上上第三签者,我仍为水神。否则,或有谴谪,不能复位矣。」言终卒。家人闻之,疑信参半,苍头某信之独坚,曰:「公为王太夫人所生。太夫人本籍江宁,渡江时,曾求子于燕子矶水神庙。夜梦袍笏者来曰:『与汝儿,并与汝一好儿。』果逾年生公。」公妻熊夫人挈柩归,至燕子矶,如其言,卜于关帝庙,果有第三签,遂举家大哭,烧纸钱蔽江,立木主于庙旁。旁有尹文端公诗碣。 予往苏州,阻风于此,乃揖其主而题壁曰:「燕子矶边泊,黄公垆下过。摩挲旧碑碣,惆怅此山河。短鬓皤皤雪,长江渺渺波。江神如识我,应送好风多。」次日果大顺风。

From 《裘文達公為水神》, Zibuyu juan 15. Translated in full. 裘文達公 is Qiu Yuexiu (裘曰修, 1712–1773), grand minister of works under Qianlong, Wenda being his posthumous name; 燕子磯 is Swallow Rock, the great cliff on the Yangtze just north-east of Nanjing; 求籤 is drawing a numbered lot from a bamboo tube and having it read against a book of verses; 上上第三籤 is the third lot of the first and highest grade; 木主 is a wooden spirit tablet, not an image; 尹文端公 is Yin Jishan, grand secretary.

Source. From Zibuyu (What the Master Would Not Discuss) (子不语), by Yuan Mei , c. 1788. The original text is in the public domain; this English rendering and the accompanying notes are original work.
Where this fits in the universe: The Small Gods · How a God Gets a Post · How a Shrine Gets Built · The Canon of Sacrifices: Which Gods Are Licensed

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