Stories/ 夷坚志/ The Brother Who Traded a Sickness

The Brother Who Traded a Sickness

李夢旦兄弟

SourceYijian Zhi (Record of the Listener)
AuthorHong Mai
EraSouthern Song dynasty · 1195
Writtenc. 1160–1200
PlagueUnderworldFengdu
Ink-wash: two brothers on a sickbed, one pale and one tending him, while faint figures in yellow robes stand at the foot of the bed holding a ledger
Illustration generated by AI, based on the ancient Chinese text.

Li Mengdan, a student of Raozhou, saw his whole household taken by pestilence in the fifth month of the first year of Qingyuan; only his younger brother Mengshuo was spared. All the salt-and-rice labors of the house fell to the younger brother.

Earlier, when Mengdan lay ill — though gravely, he recovered in five days — he had dreamed of gods speaking together. “Mengshuo too is due five days of sickness,” one said, “but if he is unwell, who will manage the household affairs?” Another at his side asked, “Shall we let his elder brother stand in?” The god said, “Let him wake,” and Mengdan woke with his whole body burning, the illness returned as before.

After four days, in a dream he submitted a formal plea to the god, begging to be excused the remaining days. He seemed to arrive at the central hall — the temple inside the prefectural gate — and, looking up at the curtained dais, heard only a voice directing the attending clerks to take his petition. Soon he heard an angry scold: “You take no medicine yet want to be excused!” Mengdan said he had none; the god said, “The Decoction of Peony to Drain the Heart is it.” Mengdan said he had none of that either, and the petition went undecided.

Unaware, he saw his brother before him decocting medicine, and asked his name — “Sent by Doctor Zou: the Decoction of Peony to Drain the Heart.” Pleased it matched the dream, he drank it at once. Soon he slept again and in a dream submitted his plea once more; arriving again at the god’s seat, he was asked whether he had taken the medicine, and said he had. The god ordered a clerk to bring a jar and made him vomit; his five organs all came out, then were told to be put back. Then the god took the petition and wrote on the back: “Li Mengdan was to stand in for his brother Mengshuo’s five days of sickness; now he has petitioned to be excused. As this officer has newly taken up his post and does not know the prior particulars, he now dispatches Zhang Wang, Li De, Ji, and the others — four men — who must attend to Li Mengdan’s sickness, to see him break into sweat by noon tomorrow, and to forward the petition.”

Presently a separate yellow placard summoned the four away. Mengdan said, “Let me stay and watch,” and was told no. Then the messenger returned and said, “Two are to oversee the cooling sweat, two the decoction.” Yet by noon the next day he had not reached the five days; only at the first watch was it complete.

After a while a figure in a yellow silk jacket came and said, “Your household has been troubled by plague; I have escorted you to Fengdu.” Then he understood, and just as foretold the sweat poured over his whole body and he was at once relieved. It was the middle of the ninth month. All told, it had spanned a hundred days.

Original classical Chinese text · 原文

饒州學生李夢旦家慶元元年五月日盡病疫唯其弟夢說得免一門内外米鹽百役弟悉任之先是旦卧病雖劇然五日即愈夢中見神人相與言夢說亦合有五日病但他若不安此家事務無人掌管如何傍一人云不教渠兄替神曰可便覺遍體火熱其病如初經四日夢中具狀告神祇乞免餘日恍若到中堂中堂者蠙州門内廟也望廳上垂簾但聞其聲指揮從吏取狀俄聞怒罵曰藥都不喫却要免病旦以無藥告神云芍藥瀉心湯是已旦又言無之竟不為判所陳狀不覺見弟在前煎藥問其名曰鄒醫送來者芍藥瀉心湯也喜其與夢合即服之少頃復睡又夢作狀致前懇俄再到神所扣云服藥了未荅云服了神命一吏取罐子來教他吐及吐五藏皆出復令納之然後取狀判其後曰李夢旦合代弟夢說病五日今有狀乞免緣當職新交職事不知上件因依今差張旺李德集某等四人須管照顧李夢旦病限來日午間出汗仍將申狀前致須臾别有黄牋追四人去旦曰且留看我曰不可已而復來云教兩人主出涼汗兩人主湯藥然明日午間未得五日直是初更方可良久有著黄羅背子者至云汝家被瘟惱害我為汝押赴酆都去遂悟如期汗流匝身登時輕安正九月中也蓋首尾歷百日云

From 《李夢旦兄弟》, Yijian Zhi. Translated in full. 慶元元年 is 1195; 中堂 is the central hall, here the temple where the family's local god sits; 芍藥瀉心湯 is a named heat-clearing decoction; 酆都 is Fengdu, the capital of the dead. The tale is a long, funny, and oddly bureaucratic account of how a sickness, once assigned, can be transferred like a posting.

Source. From Yijian Zhi (Record of the Listener) (夷坚志), by Hong Mai , c. 1160–1200. The original text is in the public domain; this English rendering and the accompanying notes are original work.
Where this fits in the universe: Fengdu: The City of Ghosts

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