Stories/ 夷坚志/ Paper and Brush in the Coffin

Paper and Brush in the Coffin

方禹寃

SourceYijian Zhi (Record of the Listener)
AuthorHong Mai
EraSouthern Song dynasty · 12th century
Writtenc. 1160–1200
JusticeGhostOfficialdomKarma
A dying clerk on a plank bed surrounded by grieving family, a sheet of paper and a brush laid beside him, two tall shadowy underworld officers waiting outside the open door in harsh midday light
Illustration generated by AI, based on the ancient Chinese text.

Fang Yu of Poyang county was a clerk in the prefectural administration. He had a feud with a ruffian of the town, Yang the Fifth, who worked as a broker. Yu was forever being pushed around by him.

Once, when the two of them met with drink in them, Yang caught hold of his coat. Yu reckoned he was no match for him in strength and humbly begged for his life. Yang took no notice. He dragged him to the ground and beat and kicked him as he pleased, until the hurt was very great. People standing by tried to talk him off; he still had his grip and would not let go. In the end they carried Yu home inch by inch, worn out and all but gone.

He said to his wife and children:

“Between him and me there is a hatred from a former life. Now he has beaten me. If I do not get up from this — on no account bring suit before the authorities and have my body examined. It would only spread shame and grief for nothing. Just put paper and a brush into my coffin. I shall see to the matter with Heaven above.”

When he had said this he died.

His wife and children swallowed the wrong and the bitterness of it and made no public complaint. Yang believed he had had his way, and grew more violent and cruel than before.

Months went by. It was late autumn, and the sun stood at the middle of the sky, when Yang saw Fang Yu coming towards him from a long way off, with two ghosts following behind him.

In a moment Yu was in front of him, and shouted:

“You killed me without cause. I went and laid my plaint in the courts of the dark, and was granted these two officers to help me take you.”

Yang tried to run. Yu seized him by the hair, and the ghosts came on and struck him. Yang howled and begged forgiveness.

“When you were making me suffer,” said Yu, “the extremity I was in looked just like this. A life for a life, coin for a debt. Do you imagine loose, easy words can undo it?”

People passing on the road saw Yang with his head hanging, trembling, talking to himself over and over, and slapping his own face until the blood ran and would not stop. Someone carried word to his family, and they came to look at him. He could still tell them what had happened to him.

Presently he died.

Original classical Chinese text · 原文

鄱陽縣人方禹為郡吏與凶子楊五有隙楊從事於駔儈禹每為所凌嘗因酒酣相值即執其裾禹度力不能敵卑辭請命楊弗顧曳之于地恣行箠踢傷已甚傍人勸諫猶搦之不釋衆舁禹寸步歸家困惙殆絶謂妻子曰我與彼有宿世寃今為毆萬一不起切毋訴于官呈驗吾尸空播羞痛但寘紙筆于柩中自當理諸上蒼言訖遂没妻子銜茹寃恨不復彰聞楊自以為得志愈肆兇虐歷數月當秋末時日正中見禹從遠來二鬼隨其後俄至前叱楊曰爾無故殺我我赴愬于幽冥蒙助我二使共捕爾楊欲走禹捽其髻鬼又從而擊之楊哀鳴謝過禹曰當爾苦我時荒窘之狀亦如此殺人償命欠債還錢豈悠悠閒言詞所可救解路人過者見楊垂頭惵惵往復自語且以手摑面流血不止為報其家來視之尚能道所遇頃之而死

From 《方禹寃》, Yijian Zhi, 甲志卷三. Translated in full. The title means — The Grievance of Fang Yu.

Source. From Yijian Zhi (Record of the Listener) (夷坚志), by Hong Mai , c. 1160–1200. The original text is in the public domain; this English rendering and the accompanying notes are original work.
Where this fits in the universe: Filing With Heaven: How to Send a Document to a God

Keep Reading

Related Stories

Qing dynasty · late 17th century · 聊斋志异

Xi Fangping Sues the Underworld

席方平

A son follows his murdered father into the Courts of the Dead and files a lawsuit — through every clerk, every magistrate, every torture the underworld can devise, up to the highest god there is.

UnderworldJusticeGhost
Qing dynasty · Qianlong era, c. 1736–1798 · 谐铎

The Litigation Writers

讼师说讼

A father and son who write lawsuits for hire are dragged before Yama, who asks them how they do it. They explain, at length and with examples. He gouges out the father's eyes and cuts off the son's arms. It makes no difference at all.

SatireJusticeUnderworld
Southern Song dynasty · 12th century · 夷坚志

The Father-in-Law With the Iron Ruler

張鮎魚

A pot broker drowns himself over a tax debt and comes back seven years later with a runner in a yellow coat and a grudge against his son-in-law. In broad daylight, in a tavern, in front of two constables who cannot see that anyone is dead. The runner refuses to make the arrest: he has no warrant from the Lord of Mount Tai.

GhostJusticeSmall Gods